But in fact, what I wonder is that if I use LVM to be an abstract layer between the actual SSD and the filesystem residing in it, can I still turn on the "discard" option, which is supported by the filesystem.
Why do you think modifying the fstab would change the default mount options that stored in the filesystem metadata? Changing the fstab options will only change the options used at mount time.
In particular, file systems previously intended for use with the ext2 and ext3 file systems can be mounted using the ext4 file system driver, and indeed in many modern Linux distributions, the ext4 file system driver has been configured to handle mount re