The best way to figure out where to install it is to open ST3 and go to “Preferences > Browse Packages”. It'll open up your Packages folder. Make a note of this ...
Try the “Tools > Install Package Control” menu item instead. If that doesn't appear, please share your ST's console output (View > Show Console) ...
Manual · Click the Preferences > Browse Packages… menu · Browse up a folder and then into the Installed Packages/ folder · Download Package Control.sublime-package ...
The simplest method of installation is through the Sublime Text console. The console is accessed via the CTRL + ` shortcut or the View > Show Console menu.